Discussion on the Relationship between Debris Flow Provenance Particle Characteristics, Gully Slope, and Debris Flow Types along the Karakoram Highway

Debris flow, the most extensive and severe geological hazard along Karakoram Highway, frequently blocks Highway. Based on methods of field measurement, indoor statistical analysis theoretical research, this paper discusses relationship between four types debris flow The are rain type, glacier ice lake break type freeze–thaw their particle characteristics gully slope also considered in discussion. results as follows: (1) provenance size is controlled by flow. Generally, average equivalent diameter induced relatively small, followed large; (2) coefficient C Highway greater than 1, it increases with increase ?, that is, larger steeper will be; (3) D distributed ellipse them axis. This quantitatively describes corresponding characteristics. analyzes formation causes It accurately understands scientific connotation surface matrix layer improves diversity, stability, sustainability ecosystem. proposes ideas suggestions for promoting ecological protection restoration Therefore, research has a certain significance practical application value appropriate selection rational design prevention projects China–Pakistan